Cataracts are a common condition where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to vision impairment. While cataracts are more prevalent in older individuals, they can also affect younger people. Cataracts are a major contributor to blindness among adults globally.
Cataracts typically progress gradually, with initial absence of symptoms. They have the potential to impact either one eye or both eyes.
Cataracts typically do not result in pain. Nevertheless, certain symptoms like light sensitivity can lead to discomfort. In advanced stages of cataracts, the pupil of the eye may take on a grey or white appearance.
Cataracts occur due to alterations in the lens of the eye, primarily caused by the natural process of aging and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light.
The formation of cataracts takes place when the proteins within the lens undergo damage and aggregate, leading to a decrease in the passage of light through the lens to the retina. Consequently, this results in a gradual loss of vision.
Individuals over the age of 40 are at a higher risk of developing cataracts compared to younger individuals. Cataracts affect half of the Australian population over the age of 50. By the time individuals reach 70 or 80 years old, nearly everyone will have developed cataracts.
If you are experiencing any of the symptoms above, or have changes in your vision, you should see an optometrist as soon as you can.